From our earliest ancestors to modernday society, humans have been social creatures, relying on connections with others for survival and well-being. The need to belong is deeply ingrained in our biology and psychology. In this blog, we'll explore why it is so important for humans to belong, drawing insights from neurobiology, evolutionary perspectives, psychological theories, and the changing nature of our sense of belonging over the lifespan.
Our brains are wired for connection. The feeling of belonging triggers the release of oxytocin, often referred to as the "love hormone" or "bonding hormone." Oxytocin enhances trust, empathy, and social bonding, promoting cooperation among individuals. This neurobiological response evolved to foster group cohesion, essential for early humans' survival and protection against external threats.
Evolutionary psychology suggests that the need to belong has been critical for our survival as a species. Early humans relied on social groups for hunting, gathering, and protection from predators. Those who formed strong social bonds were more likely to pass on their genes, as cooperation within a group enhanced overall survival rates. This evolutionary perspective highlights that our desire to belong is a product of millions of years of adaptation.
Various psychological theories underscore the importance of belonging. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs places belongingness and love just above physiological and safety needs. Self-Determination Theory (SDT) posits that humans have an innate need for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, emphasizing the role of social connections in fulfilling these needs. Without a sense of belonging, individuals may experience feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression.
The link between belonging and mental health is profound. Research consistently shows that individuals who feel a strong sense of belonging experience lower levels of stress, better mental health, and increased life satisfaction. On the contrary, social isolation and loneliness can have detrimental effects on both mental and physical health, increasing the risk of depression, cardiovascular diseases, and even early mortality.
The nature of belonging evolves throughout one's life. In childhood and adolescence, belonging is often associated with family and peer groups. As individuals transition into adulthood, work and romantic relationships become central sources of belonging. In later life, a sense of belonging can shift towards community and social groups, as individuals seek connection and purpose in their communities and social networks.
The need to belong is deeply rooted in our neurobiology and evolutionary history. It is not merely a luxury but a fundamental human requirement for survival and well-being. Understanding the importance of belonging can guide us in fostering more inclusive and supportive societies, where everyone has the opportunity to connect and thrive. Recognizing the role of belonging in mental health underscores its significance in addressing issues like loneliness and social isolation. As we navigate the complexities of our interconnected world, let us remember that our shared desire to belong is a testament to our shared humanity, binding us together across time and cultures.
